Recently I am studying the effective ingredient of Glucose Disposal Agent(GDA). There is one thing called Berberine.
I read the wiki of Berberine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berberine , there is a saying
"It decreases of ATP production, and subsequent activation of AMPK, which leads to suppression of mTOR signaling."
I remember we need to activate mTOR to build muscle. So although Berberine in GDA want to keep stable insulin, the saying means Berberine will also inhibit the muscle growth. Right?
I also find a literature https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/...t=AbstractPlus
"CONCLUSIONS:
Berberine impairs muscle metabolism by two novel mechanisms. It impairs mitochonidrial function stimulating the expression of atrogin-1 without affecting phosphorylation of forkhead transcription factors. The increase in atrogin-1 not only stimulated protein degradation but also suppressed protein synthesis, causing muscle atrophy."